Design

Memphis Is Not in Fact a City but a Design Group

Magda Michalska 18 January 2019 min Read

Heard of Memphis? And I do not mean here the city in Tennessee or the ancient capital in Egypt, but an international group of designers and architects who one day met in Milan, Italy, to develop together New Design, which quickly became a revolutionizing global cultural phenomenon of the 1980s.

Formation

Ettore Sottsass, Ashoka, 1981, source: https://www.memphis-milano.com, memphis design group
Ettore Sottsass, Ashoka, lamp in lacquered metal, 1981. www.memphis-milano.com

Founded by Ettore Sottsass and Barbara Radice in 1981, Memphis challenged the dominating Minimalist trend and the idea that design should above all be functional and useful. With the colourful and pop-art like style objects, the group advocated a more sensorial and fun approach to design.

Name

How come a group of artists chooses a name Memphis for their collective-to-be? During the first meeting on December 1, 1980, when Sottsass in his sixties invited younger artists to bring their ideas and drawings for new objects for the following year’s Milan Furniture Fair, the Bob Dylan song entitled “Stuck Inside of Mobile (with the Memphis Blues Again)” was played repeatedly on the record player. Since the needle kept sticking on the last words of the title, it somehow naturally gave a name to the group.

Members

Ettore Sottsass, Carlton, 1981, source: https://www.memphis-milano.com, memphis design group
Ettore Sottsass, Carlton, room divider in wood and plastic laminate, 1981, source: https://www.memphis-milano.com

The collective was quickly joined by designers from all over the world like Masanori Umeda (Japan), Peter Shire (US), George J.Sowden (UK), Nathalie Du Pasquier (France), Martine Bedin (France), Gerard Taylor (UK), and many many others…

Opinions

Nathalie Du Pasquier, Cauliflower, 1985, https://www.memphis-milano.com, memphis design group
Nathalie Du Pasquier, Cauliflower, ceramic pot, 1985. www.memphis-milano.com

Although their work was often ridiculed and described as bizarre or “a shotgun wedding between Bauhaus and Fisher-Price”, and simply a fad. It’s true that misunderstood style made the members go separate ways just 6 years after the formation, but the geometric and colourful style persisted and became widely accepted in the 1990s.

Martine Bedin, Cucumber, 1985, https://www.memphis-milano.com, design group
Martine Bedin, Cucumber, ceramic flower vase, 1985. www.memphis-milano.com

Despite the critique, the collective exhibited their characteristic super-sizing, fluorescent colors, exotic patterns and cheesy motifs, annually from 1981 to 1988.

Peter Shire, Bel Air, Armchair in cotton fabric, 1982, source: https://www.memphis-milano.com
Peter Shire, Bel Air, Armchair in cotton fabric, 1982. www.memphis-milano.com

The group produced everything: from glass vases to furniture, carpets, lighting, ceramics, fabrics, to metal objects.

Nathalie Du Pasquier, Bombay, Side table in plastic laminate, 1986, source: https://www.memphis-milano.com
Nathalie Du Pasquier, Bombay, Side table in plastic laminate, 1986. memphis-milano.com
Nathalie Du Pasquier, Birds, Carpet in wool, knotted by hand, 1987, source: https://www.memphis-milano.com
Nathalie Du Pasquier, Birds, Carpet in wool, knotted by hand, 1987. www.memphis-milano.com
Learn more:

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